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Marian Lutosławski
Marian Lutosławski (1871 – 5 September 1918) was a Polish mechanical engineer and inventor born during the foreign partitions of Poland. He studied at the Technical University in Riga, then also part of Russia, and obtained a diploma in electrical engineering from the Technical University of Darmstadt in Germany. Lutosławski installed the first power station in a residential neighbourhood in Warsaw, and introduced new techniques such as the three-phase current. In 1900 he built the country's first power plant fueled by a diesel internal combustion engine for Hotel Bristol, Warsaw.〔Puczyńska 2014: ''Kalendarium''. 1900 – projekt elektrowni napędzanej silnikiem spalinowym Diesla dla zespołu hotelu Bristol w Warszawie (''English:'' 1900 – first electric generator design with Diesel engine for Hotel Bristol, Warsaw).〕 He also designed the first two reinforced concrete bridges in Lublin in 1908 and 1909.〔 Lutosławski was arrested in 1918 by the Bolsheviks, and was executed without trial near Moscow as a "counterrevolutionary".
==Life==
Marian Lutosławski was born in 1871 at an estate in Drozdowo northeast of Warsaw to a Polish family. His parents were agronomist Franciszek Dionizy Lutosławski and his second wife Paulina, well-educated members of the landed gentry. Of Marian's five brothers, one would become a professor of philosophy, one a newspaper editor, and one a parliamentarian.
Lutosławski settled in Warsaw after completing his studies abroad and founded a factory called ''Grafit'' (Graphite) producing fire-resistant safes. In 1898 he married Maria Zielińska. He became a lecturer at the Warsaw Polytechnic Faculty of Mechanical Engineering (named the Wawelberg & Rotwand Technical School of Mechanics at the time).
Lutosławski was an avid community leader and worked for the Association of Engineers and other professional organizations. In 1902 he founded a technical office expanding his activities into the construction industry, particularly reinforced concrete design. He built the first reinforced concrete House in Warsaw. He used reinforced concrete in the consturction of Church of Christ the Saviour in Vilnius in present-day Lithuania, and many other projects including bridges based on the new François Hennebique technology.〔 The two bridges he built in Lublin are now considered world's RC technical Heritage Monuments (No A/956). Based on his experience, Lutosławski gave lectures and courses and wrote articles and manuals in civil engineering.〔
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